Cardiovascular disease refers to diseases affecting the blood vessels and the heart. The development of fatty deposits inside the arteries (atherosclerosis) and a higher risk of blood clots are typically connected with it. Damage to the arteries in several organs, including the kidneys, eyes, heart, and brain, can also be linked to it.
A healthy lifestyle can frequently greatly reduce the risk of CVD, one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in the UK. The various forms of CVD are numerous. This article provides descriptions of the five primary types.
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1. HEART ATTACK
According to statistics and personal experience, a heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, typically ranks first among cardiovascular diseases in the United States. Although heart attacks are frequently depicted in television and film, the external symptoms don’t reveal much about what’s going internally.
A cardiac arrest occurs when the heart muscle lacks the oxygen it needs to operate. Such happens as a result of a significant reduction in blood flow or a cessation of the blood flow that typically carries that oxygen. Atherosclerosis, which is the slow build up of plaque consisting of fat, cholesterol, and other substances in the blood vessels, is what causes disease.
2. HEART VALVE DISEASE OR CAD
Heart disease is most frequently caused by CAD. This syndrome is characterised by a hardness or narrowing of the coronary arteries. Any of a number of illnesses that make it difficult for one or more of your heart’s valves to function properly are referred to as heart valve disease.
Heart valve dysfunction might make your heart work more difficult if it is not treated. Your quality of life may be negatively impacted, and it may even endanger your life. In many instances, your healthcare provider can perform surgery or a minimally invasive technique to repair or replace your heart valves, restoring normal function and enabling you to resume regular activities.
3. ARRHYTHMIA
A heart arrhythmia is any abnormal cardiac pulse, including those that are too slow, too fast, or have an uneven beat or tempo. Without a normal rhythm, the heart will not really work as properly. There is a possibility that the heart won’t be able to pump enough blood to hydrate and oxygenate various systems.
4. CARDIOMYOPATHY OR HEART MUSCLE DISEASE
Heart failure can result from this syndrome. It happens when the heart muscle enlarges and stiffens, impairing the heart’s ability to pump blood away from the body. Blood may occasionally collect in the lungs.
Cardiac muscle damage known as cardiomyopathy makes it more difficult for the heart to pump blood to the body’s other organs. Heart failure may result from cardiomyopathy.
Dilated, hypertrophic, and restricted cardiomyopathy are the three primary varieties. Treatment options vary on the type of cardiomyopathy and how severe it is, and may include drugs, surgically implanted devices, heart surgery, or, in extreme circumstances, a heart transplant.
5. HEART VALVE DISEASE
Any one of the four heart valves might develop valve disease, which prevents blood flow by improperly opening or closing. Congenital heart disease is the medical term used when a valve abnormality first appears at birth.
Similar to arrhythmias, a broad range of anomalies can be caused by heart valve problems. When the heart’s valves don’t open wide enough to allow for appropriate blood flow, the condition is known as “stenosis.” Regurgitation can occur when the heart valves do not shut tightly enough to prevent blood from leaking out. Similar to the arteries in your heart, the heart valves must be in good working order to prevent problems that could impact your life.